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KAFUWA DA BUNKASAR GARIN DUTSE 1.3 YANAYIN SHUGABANCI A DUTSE 1.4 TSARIN MASARAUTAR DUTSE JIYA DA YAU Dutse dai kamar yadda kalmar take, wurine da yake kewaye da Duwatsu. Cibiyar Masarautar Dutse wato Garu wani karamin garine zagaye da duwatsu, wadda in Mutum baisan garinba bazaice akwai wani gari a cikiba, mai yiwuwa ya faru saboda dalilin tsaro. Hada Dutse da Gadawur, a wani labari ance wani shahararren maharbi Babarbare mai suna DUNA TA da yakafa garin dutse kafin zuwan bagauda Kano a cikin karni na daya ya bawa garin suna Dutse Gadawur sakamakon wucewar wata Gada ta gabansa “Wur” da baisamu ya harbetaba. Mamaki ya kamashi yace Ah!! Yanzu naga GADAWUR ta wuce ban samu na harbetaba, shi yasa ake cewa DUTSE GADAWUR. A wani labarin kuma, ance wani maharbine da yake zuwa Faruta daga wani gari waishi AMUNAYAR ta kasar Birnin Kudu, shima ance yana tsaye sai Gada ta wuce ta kusa dashi Wur, bai samu ya harbetaba, sai mamaki ya kama shi yace Ah!, yan zunnan gada ta wuce wur ban samu na harbetaba. Don haka duk sanda zaizo farauta wannan gari sai yace natafi Dutsen Gadawur. Kuma kamar yadda aka yarda da hadin Tarihin sunan Dutse da gada an yarda wannan maganar Gadar ya faru a wani Dutse inda ake kira JUJIN MADI a unguwar Lalloki yamma da Ofishin Sarkin Dutse a cikin Garu cibiyar Masarautar Dutse. Mazauna Dutse na farko Kanawa ne da suka zauna a Unguwar Bukka ta kasar Digacin Galamawa da wasu Fulani da suka zauna a unguwar Gurungu a kasar digacin Kaci ta yanzu. Wadannan mutane mazauna Dutse na farko sukan sayi Naman miyarsu kona wata hidima daga wajen mafarautan wannan zamani. Wadannan wurare duk sun shafi gindin Duwatsun da suke kusa da Duwatsun da suka kewaye Garu unguwar data zama cibiyar Masarautar Dutse. Kuma asalin masaratar Dutse masaratar Dutse dake unguwar Garu a yanzu da Jejine da yake kewaye da Duwatsu, Jejin yakan ja hankalin masu kiwon Dabbobi domin wurin kiwone mai abinci. Zamewar wurin haka yakan sa Maharba sukanzo su harbi Dabbobi (Farauta) wadanda sukan sayar da naman ga Habe da Fulani da suke zaune a gindin Duwatsun. Habe mazaunan farko sunzo sun share wannan Jeji mai duhuwa dake zagaye da duwatsu don su zauna cikin kwanciyar hankali. Mai yiyuwa saboda dalili na tsaro domin wannan lokacine na fadace-fadace wato yake – yake. Lokacin mulkin sarki Makuri Dutse ta taso da karfin yaki, wannan yasa Sarkin Kano Kumbari ya turo mayakansa su yaki Dutse don a tabbatar da Dutse ta zama a karkashin mulkin Kano karkashin wani shahararren mayaki Bafullatani mai suna ADA, sunzo Dutse yaki cikin shekara ta 1732. Sunyi yaki kuma sun cinye Dutse da yaki, tarihi ya nuna Sarkin kano Abdullahi Burja C1438 – 1452 ya auri ‘yar Sarkin Dutsen. Ada bayan sunci Sarkin Dutsen Makuri da yaki, sai ya nada kansa Sarkin Dutse kuma ya shirya mayakansa don ya yaki Kano. Nan da nan cikin shekaru biyu Ada ya kafa kasar Dutse kakkarfa data hada da Ringim, Birnin Kudu da Kiyawa karkashin mulkinsa. Wannan abin haushi da Ada yayiwa Kano, Sarkin Kano Kumbari ya shiryo yakar Ada. Amma mayakan kano basu goyi bayan Sarkin kano Kumbari ba. Sai dai yan uwansa “yayan Sarki su 99 suka shiryo suka yaki Ada. Yaki yayi yaki domin anci nasara akan Ada. Amma dai Ada bai tsaya da yakiba sai da ya kashe ‘yayan sarki guda hudu, su Dan-Buran, Dan-Lawan, Dan-Maje da dan-Isah kafin karfin sa ya kare. Wannan dalili yasa Dutse ta zama karkashin mulkin Kano. Mayakan Kano sunyi niyyar sai sun shiga Dutse da yaki amma aka basu shawarar su koma gida, suka bi wannan shawarar. Wannan yasa hausawa sukaci gaba da mulkin Dutse karkashin wani shahararren Mayaki mai suna TSOHON MUTUM da ya zama Sarki kuma zuriyarsa taci gaba da sarauta kafin zuwan Fulani a shekara ta 1806AD. Kamar yadda za’aga a tsarin sarautar Dutse. Dutse cikin wannan karni na 18 ta shahara kuma harma takai da an gina mata katangar gari data kewaye garuruwa wajen saba’in (70) da kofofi guda goma sha biyu (12) da akayiwa lakabi da inda aka yisu. Kofofin sune: - 1. Kofar Maranjuwa 2. Kofar Burtulan 3. Kofar yina 4. Kofar Kokiya 5. Kofar Bukka 6. Kofar Galadimawa 7. Kofar Ma’ai 8. Kofar Tago 9. Kofar Kaci 10. Kofar Gadadin 11. Kofar Galamawa 12. Kofar Rariya 1.3 YANAYIN SHUGABANCI A DUTSE 1.3.1 MULKIN HABE (KANAWA) A DUTSE 1727 – 1797AD 1.3.2 LOKACIN MULKIN SARAKUNAN FULANI 1.3.3 DUTSE A LOKACIN MULKIN TURAWA 1.3.4 DUTSE A LOKACIN TSARIN MULKIN EN’E – EN’E 1.3.5 DUTSE A LOKACIN MULKIN SIYASAR FARKO 1.3.6 DUTSE A LOKACIN MULKIN SOJOJI NA FARKO 1966 1.3.7 DUTSE A SABUWAR JIHAR JIGAWA 1.3.8 DUTSE A LOKACIN SIYASASA TA BIYU 1.3.9 DUTSE A MULKIN SIYASA NA UKU Dutse Gadawur kamar yadda aka ga abaya an kafata cikin karni na daya watau wajen 1450. kuma sarakunanta na farko hausawane wato Habe. Wadannan sarakuna na farko su Sarkin Dutse makuri, Tsohon Mutum, Sarki Natata da Sarki gwajabo sun mulki dutse har zuwa 1806. Kashi na biyu a wadanda suka shugabanci Dutse Gadawur Fulanine wadanda suka fara mulki daga lokacin wasu Fulata Borno sarki salihi Bayallige da Sarki Musa Bajallibe. Sarki salihi ya fara sarautar Dutse Gadawur amma bayan mutuwarsa sai abokin tafiyarsa makama Musa ya zama Sarkin Dutse. Salihi da Musa a karni na 19C sun kai caffa ga shehu Usman dan Fodoyo. Duk dadai tafiyarsu daya amma daga baya zuriyar Musa ita taci gaba da mulkin Dutse har zuwa yau. Domin tarihi ya nuna daga cikin sarakunan Fulani goma sha tara 19 da suka mulki Dutse Gadawur, goma sha biyu zuriyar Musa ne. wani lokaci yazo da Sarautar Dutse Gadawur ta samu canjin yanayi ta koma Sarki mai daraja ta daya duk da kwam gaba kwam bayan da aka samu. A lokacin sarkin Dutse Abdullahi Maikano gwamnan kano Alhaji Abubakar Muhammadu Rimi ya daga martabar sarautar Dutse zuwa daraja ta daya a 1981AD., kuma wadda gwamna Alhaji Sabo Bakin Zuwo ya rusa ya dawo da sarkin Dutse Alhaji Abdullahi Maikano Dutse Hakimi. Bayan kirkiro jihar Jigawa a watan Auguta na 1991, lokacin mulkin sojoji an kara masarautu guda biyu Ringim da Dutse a sabuwar Jihar Jigawa. Wannan yasa aka daga Martabar Sarkin Dutse Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi daga Hakimi zuwa sarkin yanka mai daraja ta daya, a ranar 13th ga watan Nuwamba 1991. kuma Allah yayi masa rasuwa ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba 1995. bayn rasuwarsa a 1995 dansa Alhaji Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi ya gajeshi a matsayin sarki mai daraja ta daya. Za’aga yadda wadannan sarakuna sukayi shugabancinsu a gaba. 1.3.1 MULKIN HABE (KANAWA) A DUTSE 1727 – 1797AD. KAFIN JIHADIN USMAN DAN FODIYO 1727 – 1797AD. Lokaci mai Tsawo wajen 1450AD. Da ya wuce Kafin bayyanar Shehu Usman Dan fodio, Dutse ta zauna karkashi shugabancin Habe a shekara ta 1727-1797. Haben da suka mulki Dutse sun hada da sarki Makuri, Tsohon Mutum, Natata da Gwajabo. Sarkin Dutse Makuri 1727 – 1732. Tarihin Kano ya nuna Sarkin Dutse Makuri shine sarkin dutse na farko daga sarakunan Habe. Kuma shine wanda jin labarin shahararsa Sarkin Kano Kumbari ya turo mayakansa su kama shi domin hanashi mamayar Kano kuma amaida Dutse gadawur karkashin Mulkin Kano. Anyi gumurzu na yaki amma daga karshe akayi galaba akan Makuri acikin shekara ta 1732. Samun wannan nasara karkashin shugabancin mayakan Kano wani bafullatani mai suna Ada, daga karshe baiyiwa sarkin Kano Kumbari dadiba. Domin Ada daganin sunci nasara kuma gashi yaga Dutse gurine mai arziki ga bayi, sai ya nada kansa Sarkin Dutse. Ya shirya nasa mayakan yayi niyyar zuwa ya yaki Kano. Amma baici nasaraba. Sarkin Kano dasu da ‘yan uwansa suka taso da karfinsu suka murkushe Ada daga kokarin zama Sarki da niyyarsa ta zuwa yaci Kano da yaki. Murkushe kokarin Ada da kasheshi da mayakan Kano sukayi sai daya daga mayakan Sarkin Dutse Kumbari mai suna Tsohon Mutum ya zama sarkin Dutse. Shi Tsohon Mutum kuwa shine mahaifin Natata kakan Gwajabo. 1.3.2 LOKACIN MULKIN SARAKUNAN FULANI Tarihin asalin sarautar Fulani a Dutse Gadawur ya faru sakamakon zuwan wasu Fulani daga birnin Ngazargamo ta kasar Borno (yanzu Jihar Yobe) a shekara ta 1801. wadannan Fulani su Salihi da Musa masu Yalligawa da Jallibawa sun zama masu biyayya wajen biyan Haraji da Jangali ga hukumar da suke karkashinta a Ngazargamo amma da aka samu sakaci daraunin wannan Hukuma tasu, zalinci ya soma shiga sai Salihi da Musa suka shiga fadakarwa kan yadda za’a samu adalci. Wannan yasa ake ganin sun zama ‘yan tawaye. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa suka baro kasarsu tare da dabbobinsu don su samu wurin da zasu zauna lafiya. Da suka zauna daram, sai suka shirya kaiwa Shehu Usman Danfodiyo caffa a Sokoto. Bayan dan lokaci sai suka baro Sokoto tareda Mallam Sulaimanu Sarkin Fulani na farko a Kano da yakarbo tutar jihadi. A kano suka dan zauna a unguwar Marmara ta cikin birnin kano. Daga nan sai sukayi sallama da Sarki Sulaimanu dan dawowa Dutse. Kuma da suka dawo sunci gaba da mulkin Dutse Gadawur. Bayannan Allah yayiwa Sarki Salihi rasuwa a shekara ta 1819. bayan rasuwar sarki Salihi sai Makama Musa ya gajeshi a matsayin Sarkin Dutse na biyu a tutar Fulani. Ga yadda kashin sarautar ya zama a karkashin Jallibawa da Yallibawa: - KABILAR YALLIBAWA TA SALIHI 1. Sarkin Fulani na daya Salihi Lawan – 1806 – 1819 2. Sarkin Fulani na biyar Ibrahim Iream – 1868 – 1884 3. Sarkin Fulani na shida Abdulkadir I – 1884 – 1893 4. Sarkin Fulani na sha biyu Hamida Ibrahim 1912 5. Sarkin Fulani na sha hudu Bello II – 1916 - 1922 KABILAR JALLIBAWA TA MUSA 1. Sarkin Fulani na biyu Musa Amadu - 1819 – 1840 2. Sarkin Fulani na uku Bello Muhammadu - 1840 – 1849 3. Sarkin Fulani na hudu Sulaimanu I - 1849 – 1868 4. Sarkin Fulani na bakwai Ibarhim I - 1849 5. Sarkin Fulani na takwas Abdulkadir II maje Balago – 1894 – 1901. 6. Sarkin Fulani na tara Abdulkadir III Damamusau - 1901 – 1903. 7. Sarkin Fulani na goma Halidu I – 1903 – 1910 8. Sarkin Fulani na goma sha daya Halidu II – 1910 – 1911 9. Sarkin Fulani na goma sha uku Umaru bayole – 1912 – 1923 10. Sarkin Fulani na goma sha biyar Sulaimanu – 1923 – 1960 11. Sarkin Fulani mai daraja ta daya (na goma sha sida) Abdullahi Maikano – 1960 – 1983 12. Sarkin Fulani mai daraja ta daya (na goma sha bakwai) Muhammadu sanusi – 1983 – 1995 13. Sarkin Fulani mai daraja ta daya (na goma sha takwas) Nuhu Muhammadu sanusi – 1995…. 1.3.3 DUTSE A LOKACIN MULKIN TURAWA Tarihi ya fara canzawa daga tsari irin na Shehu Usman Danfodiyo izuwa tsari irin na turawa a shekara ta 1903AD. Shi mulkin Turawa an ginashi bisa son zuciya da kokarin mulkar Jama’a da abubuwan da suka mallaka. Lokacin da suka zo sun fara tunanin yaya zasu mallaki sarakunan Gargajiya da suka tarar a Arewacin Nigeria tunda sun gama da kudancin Nigeria. A kudancin Nigeria Turawa sunyi amfani da Ilmi da kasuwanci. Kuma sunyi amfani da wandanda suka koyawa ilmn Boko wajen yada Addinin Kiristanci da kasuwanci, kuma sunyi amfani dashi wajen sayen kayan Nigeria don sukai kasarsu su sarrafa su dawo dasu su sayarwa ‘yan Nigeria. Tawannan hanyar har taka ana diban bakaken fata ana kaisu Turai suna aikin Rake da Taba, kayan da ake sarrafawa a dawo dasu a sayarwa ‘yan Africa. Wannan shine matakin farko na sayen bayi a Nigeria. Daga baya aka rika kawo iri da za’a noma kuma su tafi dashi su sarrafa su dawo dashi musaya, misalin irin Gyada, Kwakwar-manja da koko wadanda suke yiwo cakuleti da sauran wasu daga kayan lashe-lashe na zaki da kuma manja. Tafiya tayi nisa har suka shiga gina kanfuna suna sarrafa kayan anan su sayar anan. A matakin karshe sun sami damar su sarrafa Man Fetur su sayar mana, sauran sukayi kasarsu suyi amfani dashi su bamu kamasho. Kuma ‘yan book na wannan lokaci suka zama masu yi musu aikin Haraji da ayyukan kanfanoninsu. Daga karshe sun sami sarakuna wajen kamasu kokuma cinsu da yaki. Suka kuma shiga nada wanda sukeso in sun cire wanda basaso domin yayi musu yadda sukeso. Kano kamar yadda aka ga abaya da ta fada a hannun Turawa sun nada sarkin Kano Muhammadu Abbas dan Abdullahi Maje-karofi dan Ibrahim Dabo ya zama sarkin Kano a karkashin tsarinsu a ranar 3 ga watan Aprilu a 1903AD. Koda baturen da aka sa ya kula da Kano Captain Lord Lugard bai fayyace manufarsaba, a siyasance an fahimci tsarin shugabanci. Domin sun fayyace aikin sarkin Musulmi, Sarakunan Yanka, Hakimai, Digatai da masu Unguwanni. Kuma aka tsara yadda zasu rinka karbar umarni da yadda labari zai koma garesu. A tsarinsu akwai D.O., Rasdan, Kwamishina da Babban Kwamishina da babban kwamishina da kuma Gwamna. Kuma sun tsara yadda Sarakuna zasu karbi Haraji da kuma yadda za’ayi amfani da harajin da suka tara. Wajen zabe/Nadin Sarakuna, Turawa sun tsara yadda idan majalissar Sarki sun zabi wanda akeso ya zama Sarki zasu kaiwa Babban Kwamishina wanda zaiyi masa izini ya mulki Jama’arsa karkashin dokar Turawa da aka nadashi akanta. Wanna yasa turawa suka raunana karfin shugabancin Daular Shehu Danfodiyo dake mulkin sarakunan yanki – yanki (Province) daga Sokoto. Turawa a wannan lokaci a tsarinsu sun yarda subar tsarin Sarautar da suka tarar, amma kuma lallai abi dokokin da suka bi na tsarin mulkinsu a siyasance. Wannan yasa suka mulki Jihar Arewa daga Kaduna zuwa Sokoto zuwa Yola, zuwa Borno da Kano. Koda yake suma Fulani sunyi amfani da sarakuna wajen aiwatar da mulkinsu don cimma burinsu. Don a wani lokaci Turawa sun hana waziri daga Sokoto Shari’a da addinin muslinci da kuma yadda sarakuna da Turawa suka nada dabin dokar da tasa lallai su zama masu biyayya ga wannan tsarin mulkin nasu ba karkashin mulkin Sokoto ba. Haka Turawa sukayi ta mulki a Arewacin Nigeria har zuwa lokacin da yan book kuma masu shirin siyasa sukayi kokarin neman mulkin kan da aka bawa Nigeria a 1960AD. 1.3.4 DUTSE A LOKACIN TSARIN MULKIN EN’E – EN’E A baya munga yadda Sarakuna suka zauna karkashin tsarin Mulkin Yanki-Yanki (Province) a wannan lokaci kuma akwai Hukumomi da ake kira N.A. watau karamar Hukuma da take karkashin mulkin Sarki. A irin wannan tsari Kotunan Sharia, Gidajen Yari, Asibitoci, Ma’aikatun Gandun Daji da duk tsarin mulki karkashin hukuncin Sarakuna suke sai yadda sukayi wannan yana daga cikin dalilan da Turawa sukazo da farkosukayi amfani da Sarakuna wajen cimma burinsu. N.A. watau karamar Hukuma karkashin kowanne Sarki tayi tsarin shugabanninta karkashin tsarin ma’aikatu kamar haka. 1. Asibiti karkashin Wakilin Asibiti 2. Ma’aikatar Gandun Daji karkashin Wakilin Daji 3. Ma’aikatar Gona karkashin Wakilin Gona 4. Ma’aikatar Aiyuka karkashin Wakilin Aiyuka 5. Bangaren yan Doka karkashin Wakilin Doka 6. Bangaren Kudi karkashin Ma’aji 7. Bangaren Ilmi karkashin Sarkin Malamai Sarki shine shugaban karamar Hukumarsa watau N.A. don haka wadannan shugabanni ma’aikatu kowa shi yakewa aiki. Kuma Sarki shi yake da ikon nadashi da cireshi lokacin da yaga dama. Kuma Sarki keda ikon bada umarnin gudanar da aiki da doka da oda kan shirin zaman lafiyar Jama’a da kayansu. Haka kuma Sarakuna a wannan lokaci su suke da ikon nada ko cire Hakimi, Digaci ko Mai Unguwa. Wannan shine yasa abaya aka ga yadda ake nadowa Hakimai da Digatai daga Kano. 1.3.5 DUTSE A LOKACIN MULKIN SIYASAR FARKO Lokacin siyasar farko shine lokacin da yan Nigeria suka hadu don kokarin neman mulkin kai. A wannan lokacimasu wannan kokari suka kafa kungiyoyi a bangarorinsu wanda daga karshe suka zama Jam’iyyun siyasa. 1. Jihar Arewa mai jam’iyyar N.P.C. mai taken Salama “Jamiyyar Mutanan Arewa.” NPC ta zama itace babbar jamiyar jihar Arewa karkashin shugabancin Sir Ahmadu Bello Sardaunan Sokoto. 2. Jihar yamma suka zama karkashin jam’iyar A.G. kungiyar masu aiki “wadda tazama babbar Jam’iya a Jihar yamma. Karkashin shugabancin Chief Obafemi Awolowo. 3. N.C.N.C. Hadaddiyar kungiyar yan Nigeria da Kamaru ta zama itace babbar Jam’iyar mutanen gabashin Nigeria karkashin shugabancin Dr. Nmandi Azikwe. 4. Akwai Jam’iyar NEPU mai taken Sawaba, Hadaddiyar kungiyar yan Nigeria mai manufar hada Arewa da kudancin Nigeria wadda Alhaji Aminu Kano yayiwa Jagora itama ta fito amma ba tayi karfi kamar wadannan manyan Jam’iyuba. Dan haka sai tazama jam’iyar adawa a Jihar arewa. Wannan rabuwa tasu yasa kowanne bangare ya banbanta a tsarin siyasarsu. A wannan lokaci an raba Nigeria gida uku (3) kamar haka: - 1. Jihar Arewa karkashin Shugabancin Alhaji Sir. Ahmadu Bello Sardaunan Sokoto. 2. Jihar yamma kar kashin Shugabancin Chief Oba Femi Awolowo. Jihar gabas karkashin shugabancin Dr. Nmandi Azikwe. Bayan an samu mulkin kai, a 1960 ‘yankasa suka zama shugabannin Jihohi wato Firimiyoyi suke da ikon nada ko cire sarki. Turawa kuwa suka koma kasashensu. A wannan lokaci aka kafa Gwamnatin Jihohi da Gwamnatin Tarayya “Priminister” wazirin Nigeria ya zama shugaban Nigeria tare da Ministocinsa suka zauna a hedikwatar Nigeria a “Ikko”. kuma Firimiyoyi suka zauna suka mulki Jihihinsu tare da Ministocinsu. A Jihar Arewa Shugabanta sardaunan Sokoto Sir, Ahmadu Bello baibar Sarakuna ba aikiba, yabarsu da N.A dinsu amma an rage karfin mulkinsu. Kowacce ma’aikata an nada minista da yake kula da ma’aikatun da suke karkashin ma’aikatarsa a lardunan Arewa baki daya. A lokacin syasar farko, wata gunduma batada tasiri domin dukkan Digatai da masu unguwanni karkashin yanka suke. Don haka Dutse ma alokacin tana karkashin mulkin Sarkin Kano. Saidai a wannan lokaci ‘ya’yan Dutse Alhaji Abdullahi Maikano Dutse da Alhaji Sulaiman Dutse sun wakilci Dutse a matsayin Minista da Danmajalissar tarayyar Nigeria a lokacin wannan siyasa. Haka wadannan shugabanni sukayi tayi har zuwa ranar 15 ga watan Januware 1966AD. Soja sukayi juyin mulki na farko lokacin da suka fara shigowa siyasar mulkin Nigeria. A kokarin wannan juyin mulki Sojoji suka kashe Shugaban Nigera na farko Alhaji Sir, Abubakar tafawa balewa da sardaunan Sokoto Alhaji Sir, Ahmadu Bello firemiyan Jihar Arewa na farko. 1.3.6 DUTSE A LOKACIN MULKIN SOJOJI NA FARKO 1966 A lokacin mulkin Siyasa zaman Jama’a yaki dadi abubuwa suka lalace Siyasa ta hada gaba tsakanin Jama’a aka rinka azabtar da Jama’ar da basa bin Siyasar da take Mulkin Jiharsu. Haka kuma wadanda basa zaune a Jihohinsu akayi ta musguna musu. Rigingimu sukayi ta faruwa har takai awasu Jihohi ana fada a majalissun Jihohi misali a Ibadan, an samu anyi jefe-jefe da kujeru a lokacin muhawara. Wadannan dalilai sukasa aka samu canjin mulki ta hanyar Juyin Mulkin Sojoji a ranar Juma’a 15 ga watan January 1966AD. Sojoji a kokarinsu na su karbu ga Jama’a sun soki yan siyasa da shugabanninsu da laifin sakaci, Almubazzaranci da kabilanci. Suka yi alkawarin gyarawa da yadda za’a samu zaman lafiya. Shugaban Gwamnatin Sojan a Nigeria na farko shine Aguisi Ironsi. General Aguisi Ironsi ya guji yan siyasa wajen tsarin Gwamnatinsa don haka ya tsara zaman Lafiya da Sarakunan da irin Mulkinsu na N.A. kafin ya fito da tsarin Gwamnatinsa. Wannan yasa Sarakunan suka sa talakawa su goyawa Gwamnatin soja baya. Amma ina daga karshe karshen shirin dana sani. General Ironsi bai dadeba bayan wata shida akayi masa juyin mulki saboda wadanda suke tare dashi sunga shirinsa bamai kyau bane kuma dama da kurjin kashewa shugabannin siyasar arewacin Nigeria. Wannan yasa Janar Yakubu Gowon ya zama shugaban Mulkin soja na biyu a cikin shekara ta 1966AD. Janar Yakubu Gowon ya zabi yayi zaman Lafiya da tsofaffin yan Siyasa da Sarakuna a tsarin Gwamnatinsa. An kasa Nigeria gida 12 da sunan Jihohi aka nada musu Gwamnoni, Kano ta zama a karkashin Shugabancin Kwamishinan yan sanda Alhaji Audu Bako. Alhaji Audu Bako daya tashi shirya Gwamnatinsa sai ya tsarata cike da Mutane masu Hankali, Nutsatstsu masu kima a idon Jama’a irin su Alhaji Inuwa Dutse, Magajin Garin Kazaure su Mal. Umaru Gumel su Muhammadu Gauyama daga Hadejiya su Tanko yakasai su Baba dan Baffa da Aminu dan Tata. Ganin Gwamnatocin Jihohi sun kafu, sai Gwamnatin tarayya tasoma fitowa da tsarinta na cigaban al-umma. Wannan yasa aka fara da gyaran kananan hukumomi da aka tsarashi hawa-hawa daga 1968-1972AD. Da na karshe na 1976AD. A tsarin farko dana biyu an daina mulkin N.A. an soma na kananan Hukumomi kuma an kasa Kano zuwa kananna hukumomi hudu (4) Kano, Kazaure, Hadejia da Gumel. Gwamnatin Jiha kuma takasasu gida takwas (8) karkasin yankunan Mulki. 1. Kano ta zama an kasata Gida Biyar (5) 2. kazaure an barta kashi Daya 3. Hadejia an barta kashi Daya 4. Gumel an barta kashi Daya D.O. kokuma Sakatare shine Shugabansu su kuma a matsayin wakilai. Matakin karshe a shirin Gwamnatin Gowon shine canje-canjen kananan Hukumomi da sauran tsare-tsaren Gwamnatin tarayya wadda bai samu yayiba akayi masa Juyin Mulki. Janar Murtala Muhammad yazama shugaban kasa na uku a tsarin Mulkin Soja Murtala bai jima ba bayan wata shida (6) su Dinka suka kasheshi suka yi masa juyin Mulki da baiyi nasaraba. Mataimaki Janar Murtala Ramat Muhammad Brigediya Janar Olusegun Obasanjo ya zama shugaban kasa na hudu (4) a tsarin mulkin soja. Kuma ake kiran tsarin mulkinsa tsarin Murtala Obasanjo saboda tsarin murtalane amma wanda ya aiwatar Janar Olusegun Obasanjone. Tsarin Murtala Obasanjo basu kama Gwamnati da wasaba. Sun kama abubuwa gadan gadan kan manufarsu ta kawowa canji a tsarin rayuwar yan Nigeria. A wannan lokaci aka hau tsarin karshe na kananan Hukumomi aka kafa Kwamitin gyaran kananan hukumomi aka kirashi da KWAMITIN DASUKI NA SAKE TSARIN KANANAN HUKUMOMI NA 1976AD. Wannan Kwamiti ya bada shawarar rushe mulkin N.A gaba daya da mayar da aikin N.A. karkashin Kananan Hukumomi da zababbun shugabanni da zasu Mulkesu. Amma daga farko an yarda daga cikin zababbu, Sarkine zai kaiwa Gwamna Mutum Uku (3) ya zabi guda daya ya zama shugaban majalissar sauran su zama yan Majalissarsa. A shekara ta 1976AD. aka tsara rushe mulkin karkashin ofishin Hakimai. Digatai da masu Unguwanni an maidasu karkashin kananan hukumomi. Wannan yabawa karamar Hukuma damar biyansu albashi da kuma tura ma’aikatanta bangaren da takeso ba tare da tuntubar ofishin Sarkiba. Wannan shine kadan da za’a iya kawowa cikin wannan Littafi kan yadda akayi amfani da Sarakuna da ofishinsu daga lokacin Usman dan Fodio zuwa tsarin Mulkin Turawa zuwa lokacin yan Siyasa har lokacin Mulkin Sojoji da ya sakewa Mulkin kananan Hukumomi fasali a shekara ta 1976AD. Sama1.3.7 DUTSE A SABUWAR JIHAR JIGAWAAllah cikin ikonsa yana Hakimin Dutse Allah yasa akayi Jihar Jigawa ran 27 ga watan Agusta 1991AD. A lokacin Mulkin Janar Babangida. Babban abin alfahari anan shine Alokacin sa Dutse Tazama cibiyar wannan Jiha (State Headquarter). Aka turo Kanar Olayinka Sule a matsayin kantoma. (Military Administrator). Da zuwan kantoma Kanar Olayinka Sule sai yayi kokarin Jiha ta Zauna da gindinta. Ganin haka ya faru sai Gwamnati ta yi shirin Karin Masarautu domin cibiyar Jiha ta zama a daya daga Masarautun Jihar. Dan haka aka daukaka Martabar Dutse da Ringim zuwa Masarautu masu Martaba ta daya. “Emirate Councils” Wannan yasa aka ciyar da likkafar Hakiman Dutse da Ringim gaba zuwa mukamin Sarakuna masu daraja ta daya. (1st Class Emirs), wato Sarakunan yanka. Kantoma Kanar Olayinka Sule ya rantsar da mai Martaba Sarkin Dutse Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi a matsayin Sarkin yanka mai daraja ta daya ranar Laraba 13 ga watan Nuwanba, 1991AD. A Dutse baza’a manta da wannan shiri na Allah ba. Domin a wannan lokacin da aka samu wannan Jiha da Cibiyar ta a Dutse, aka samu cikakkiyar wutar Lantarki ta NEPA kuma aka samu abin da ake kira Wayar Tarho. Mai Martaba Sarkin Dutse Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi duk da Tsufa ya same shi, saboda basirarsa yaci gaba da bawa ‘ya’yansa su Galadima Alhaji Basiru Dutse da Chiroman Dutse Alhaji Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi, umarnin yadda za’a cigaba da Mulkin Kasa. 1.3.8 DUTSE A LOKACIN SIYASASA TA BIYU Lokacin da akayi zaben siyasa na 1983AD. Alhaji Sabo Aliyu Bakin Zuwo ne yaci zaben Gwamna a tutar Jam’iyar P.R.P. Nasara. Kuma kamar yadda aka ga abaya shi ya zama mai biyayya ga Masarautar Kano. A wannan lokaci aka yiwa Sarkin Dutse Abdullahi Maikano ritaya a 1983 kuma sabon Gwamnan yayiwa Sarkin Kano izinin yayi yadda yakeso a tsarin Masarautarsa. Wannan yasa mai Martaba Sarkin Kano Alhaji Ado Bayero ya cika Adduarsa da yake yiwa Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi ta Allah ya kyauta Hakuri. Ya nada shi Hakimin Dutse ranar 31 ga watan octoba 1983AD. Sarkin Dutse Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi, da kama aikinsa na Hakimi sai ya cigaba da tsarin yadda za’a zauna Lafiya a kasarsa ta Dutse. Kuma ya cigaba da ganin ansa yara a Makaranta tare da ganin karamar Hukumar ta cigaba da taimakawa makarantu da kayan aiki. Daga nan sai yayi karatun baya yatausayawa Digatan da aka sauke lokacin Mulkin Sarkin Dutse Abdullahi Maikano ya dawo dasu kan mukamansu. Ya kuma cigaba da kyautata zumunci tsakaninsa da yan uwa, Da biyayyarsa ga Sarkin Kano Alhaji Ado bayero. 1.3.9 DUTSE A MULKIN SIYASA NA UKUGwamnatin tarayya ta kafa Jam’iyu guda 2 biyu S.D.P. (Jam’iyar masu sas saucing Ra’ayi) da N.R.C. (Jam’iyar masu ra’ayin rukau). Akayi zabe Alhaji Ali Sa’adu Birnin Kudu yaci zabe a matsayin Gwamnan Jihar Jigawa. Karkashin jam’iyar S.D.P. Kuma kamar yadda nake fada kan siyasa nan ma ta shigo cikin tsarin Mulkin Masarautar Dutse tayi aikin nata. Gwamnatin Jihar Jigawa karkashin shugabancin Gwamna Alhaji Ali Sa’adu Birnin Kudu ta kafa majalissar Masarautar hade da yan siyasa. Yin wannan majalissar cikin irin wannan tsari sai ya hana tsarin Mulkin Masarautar ya tafi yadda ake so. Kuma cikin wannan hali wani abu na rashin dadi ya faru saboda siyasa aka rushe wakilan Majalissar Masarautar ta Dutse da sakataran majalissar Alhaji Abba Dutse aka nada wasu sabbin wakilan da Malam Lawan Gwaram amatsayin sabon Sakatarenta. Sabbin wakilan sune. 1. Mai-Martaba Sarkin Dutse Alhaji Muhamadu Sanusi Shugaban Majalissa 2. Chiroman Dutse Alhaji Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi Babban dan Majalissa 3. Chairman B/kudu L.G.A. Wakili 4. Chairman Dutse L.G.A. “ 5. Chairman Kiyawa L.G.A. “ 6. Chairman Jahun L.G.A. “ 7. Chairman Gwaram L.G.A. “ 8. Hakimin B/kudu “ 9. Hakimin Gwaram “ 10. Hakimin Jahun “ 11. Hakimin Kiyawa “ 12. Hakimin Aujara “ 13. Alhaji Muntari Muhamed (RTD) “ 14. Alhaji Bashir Dalhatu “ 15. Alhaji Isiya Shuwarin “ 16. Alhaji Ilu Tsirma “ 17. Alhaji Nayaya Asosiyashin. “ 18. Kanar Bashir umaru (RTD) “ 19. Alhaji Yahaya Rigarmama. “ 20. Alhaji Ali Gyalama Kwandiki. “ 21. Alhaji Usman Mutum. “ 22. Alhaji Muhammed Tazana. “ 23. Alhaji Lawan Gwaram Sakatare Bayan nan aka sake sabon tsari aka dakatar da Alhaji Basiru Dutse Galadiman Dutse Babban dan Majalissar Masaratar Dutse, aka sa Chiroman Dutse Alhaji Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi Hakimin Dutse ya zama sabon Babban dan Majalissar Masarautar ta Dutse. Aka kuma sake wa majalissar tsari. A takardar Gwamnatin Jihar Jigawa ta ranar 17 ga watan Aprilu, 1994. tsarin shine kamar haka: - 1. Mai-Martaba Sarkin Dutse Shugaba 2. Ciroman Dutse Babban dan Majalissa 3. Babban Limamin Dutse Wakili 4. Wazirin Dutse “ 5. Marafan Dutse “ 6. Sarkin Kudu “ 7. Sarkin Bai “ 8. Makama “ 9. Lawan Gwaram Sakatare
TSARIN MASARAUTAR DUTSE JIYA DA YAU DUTSE A MATSAYIN SARKIN YANKA MAI DARAJA TA DAYA
Sarautar Dutse tana da dogon tarihi kashi – kashi na mataki-mataki da suka faru tun misalin cikin karni na daya wato 1450. kuma tun farko sarakunan Dutse Gadawur ba ragwaye bane. Tun wancan lokaci dama ana auna mai mulki da shahararsa wajen yaki. Su kuwa sarakunan Dutse za’aga tarihi ya nuna tun Sarkin Dutse Makuri ya shahara kuma har takai ga Sarkin kano Kumbari ya kawo masa mamaya dan ya mallaki Dutse ta zama karkashin Kano. Kuma za’aga lokacin Shehu Usman Danfodiyo yayi amfani da su wajen yada Addinin Musulinci da tsarin mulki irin na addinin Musululinci. A wannan lokaci ana kiran sarakunan Dutse Barnawa. Harma a wani lokaci da suke son a kori ADA saboda jituwa dake tsakanin Dutse da Kano don su hana ADA cinsu da yaki. Wannan yasa aka turo wani jarumi Jarmai Tagwai mijin ‘yar auta na Rano wanda ya tabbatarwa da Sarkin Kano za’aci nasara akan ADA. Wannan haduwa ta mayakan Kano da Dutse yasa aka kasha ADA aka kama mutanensa. Barnawa suka ci gaba da mulkinsu. Sarkin Dutse Salihi yayi mulki a shekara ta 1807 – 1819, a matsayin Sarki mai cin gashin kansa. Wannan yasa aka samu zama na amana tsakanin Sarkin Kano Sulaiman da wanda ya karbo Tuta daga Usman Danfodiyo kuma suka dawo tare da sarakunan Dutse tare da yarjajjeniyar taimakon juna a yaki in ya taso. Wannan alaka ta ware lokacin Sarkin Dutse Bello da yayi Sarauta a 1840 – 1849. Sarki Bello a ganinsa yarjajjeniyar nan ta farko danjin dadin sullubawa akayita. Dan haka ya wargaza ta ya nufi Kano da Yaki har saida yaje kofar garin Kano, amma bai shiga cikiba yana saurarron kanawa su bude kofa amma basu budeba. Wannan alaka an sake dawowa da’ita saboda sa bakin Sarkin musulmi daya nuna musu, yaki tsakanin musulmi da musulmi ba kyau. Suka yarda da haka aka kuma zauna lafiya. Darajar Dutse ta sauka a lokacin da Turawa wadanda suka maida Dutse matsayin Hakimi a shekara ta 1917. Yawan Digatan kasar Dutse lokacin Sarkin Kano Abbas watau lokacin dan Lawan Umaru yana Sarkin Dutse Digatai Ashirin da Takwas (28) ne. 1. ANDAZA 2. ABALAGO 3. CHAMO 4. CHIROMAWA 5. DUTSINBUJI 6. DURU 7. DAGWAJE 8. FAKE 9. GARUN GALAMAWA 10. KWANDA 11. KIYAWA 12. KATANGA 13. KARGO 14. KUDAI 15. KARFAWA 16. KACHI 17. KATUKA 18. LIMAWA 19. MADOBI 20. MAJE 21. RURU 22. SAKWAYA 23. TSURMA 24. WARWADE 25. WANGARA 26. WURMA 27. YALWA 28. YARGABA Kuma acikin shekara ta 1923 aka raba Dutse Dutse yamma da Dutse Gabas aka kai Sarki Umaru Bayole Kiyawa a matsayin Hakimi aka bashi Digatai ashirin da biyar (25), aka nada Sulaimanu dan Nuhu Sarkin Dutse aka bashi Digatai talatin da biyar (35). Daga baya aka sake hade Dutse da Kiyawa Karkashin Sarkin Dutse Sulaiman Dan Nuhu. Dutse ta zama tana da digatai sittin(60), Ga yadda akayi rabon. DIGATAN GUNDUMAR DUTSE 1. ABAYA 2. BUJU 3. CHAMO 4. CHAICHAI 5. DUNDUBUS 6. DUSU 7. DARAU 8. DAGWAJE 9. DANTAUYA 10. FANISAU 11. GALAMAWA 12. ISARI 13. JIDAWA 14. JAUDI 15. JIGAWAR TSADA 16. KACHI 17. KARGO 18. KUDAI 19. KWADIYA 20. KACHA 21. KARNAYA 22. KYARAN 23. KWAIMAWA 24. LIMAWA 25. MALAMAWA 26. MADOBI 27. RURU 28. SAKWAYA 29. TABOBO 30. WARWADE 31. WURMA 32. WANGARA 33. YARGABA 34. YALWA DIGATAN GUNDUMAR KIYAWA1. ABALAGO 2. AKAR 3. ANDAZA 4. DUHUWA 5. GURDUBA 6. DUNGU 7. GARKO 8. GURUN BAYAN GARI 9. GORUMO 10. FIYA 11. FAKE 12. HADDORI 13. KYAWA 14. KARFAWA 15. KATANGA 16. KATUKA 17. KWANDA 18. KUMI 19. MAJE 20.MAZAZZAGA 21. SABAN GARI 22. TURHO 23. TSURMA 24. TUNANNAN. DUTSE A MATSAYIN SARKIN YANKA MAI DARAJA TA DAYA Ranar 1 ga watan Aprilu 1981 gwamnan Kano Alhaji Abubakar Rimi yayi amfani da karfin tsarin mulki na nada da sauke Sarki, ya daga matsayin Hakiman Auyo, Dutse, Gaya, da Rano a matsayin sarakuna masu daraja ta daya. Hakimin Dutse na wannan lokaci Alhaji Abdullahi Maikano Dutse aka nada amatsayin Sarki mai daraja ta daya a Dutse. Akayi bikin bashi sandar girma a Dutse Gadawur ranar 5 gawatan yuli 1981. Amma da aka samu canjin gwamnati a kano cikin 1983 Gwamnan Kano na wannan lokacin Alhaji Sabo Bakin Zuwo ya rushe sarakunan da Gwamna Abubakar Rimi ya nada, ya dawo dasu kan mukamansu na hakimci. Da’aka kirkiro Jihar Jigawa a ranar 27 ga watan Agusta, 1991, sai bukatar kara sarakuna masu daraja ta daya ta taso, aka daga Martabar Hakiman Dutse da Ringim zuwa sarakuna masu daraja ta daya. A wannan Lokacin Alhaji Muhammadu Sunusi shine Hakimin Dutse kuma shi aka nada a matsayin Sarkin Dutse mai daraja ta daya ranar 13 ga watan Nuwamba 1991. A kasa kananan Hukumomin Dutse, Kiyawa, Birnin kudu, Gwaram da Jahun da hakimansu a karkashin MaSarautar Dutse. Allah yayiwa mai Martaba Sarkin Dutse Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi rasuwa ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba 1995, akayi Janaizarsa a cikin garu aka kaishi gidansa na shuwarin aka binneshi acan. Wannan rashi na Sarkin Dutse yasa masu zaben Sarki na MaSarautar Dutse suka zabi Dansa Ciroman Dutse, Alhaji Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi ya gajeshi a mtsayin Sarkin Dutse mai daraja ta daya. Dutse daga 1727 zuwa 1995 tayi sarakuna Goma sha takwas (18), Hudu (4) Sarakunan Habe goma sha hudu (14) Sarakunan Fulanine. Uku (3) daga ciki sukayi Sarautar Sarki mai daraja ta daya. Daga cikinsu Sarki Dutse Alhaji Nuhu Muhammadu sanusi shine kawai masu zaben Sarki suka nada sauran gwamnatice ta nadasu. An samu canji Dutse ta tashi daga gundumar Dutse ta zama masaruta mai gundumomi guda biyar. 1. Gundumar Dutse 2. Gundumar Birnin kudu 3. Gundumar Kiyawa 4. Gundumar Jahun 5. Gundumar Gwaram kamar yadda ya faru a Hakimai da Gundumominsu MaSarautar Dutse mai Gundumomi biyar (5) a wannan lokaci tanada digatai dari uku da arbain da daya (341) da masu Unguwanni Dubu daya da dari bakwai da saba’in da shida (1776). |
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